Liver is frequently called the laboratory of the human organism. A large number of processes take place in the organ amongst which are:

• Protein metabolism
• Carbohydrates metabolism
• Fat metabolism
• Vitamin metabolism
• Hormone degradation
• Maintains the hormonal balance of the organism
• Microelements metabolism
• Barrier function due to phagocytosis of the foreign microorganisms
• Participates in synthesis of blood coagulation components
• Blood depot of the organism
• Through the formation of bile which in turn affects the process of digestion

From all of the above it is easy to conclude that any kind of liver disorder may affect the well-being of the whole organism.

A number of disorders may affect the liver, amongst them are:

• Hepatitis - the pathology is highly spread amongst the adult population, the disease in many cases does not manifest until a chronic form is developed, thus highly increasing the difficulty of treatment. Hepatitis develops when normal liver cells are affected thus they stop their functioning and connective or fat tissue replaces them. Amongst the causes of hepatitis a large number of pathologies and pathogens can be named for example viruses like hepatitis A, B,C, D, E, F, microbial infections of the liver or acute infections of the lungs, malaria. In rare cases hepatitis may be even caused by food poisoning or heavy metal poisoning. Frequently hepatitis may be caused by abusing alcoholic drinks, even in cases when the quantities of the alcohol are small in daily consumption. Diabetes may also be named as one of the reason for hepatitis development especially in obese patients.
• Biliary duct diseases such disorders are mainly caused by microorganisms which

penetrate the biliary duct especially in cases of impaired bile flow. The microorganisms cause an inflammatory process which is called cholecystitis. The inflammation may spread from the biliary ducts to the liver thus, causing hepatitis

• Cholelithiasis the disease develops when biliary stones are formed in the biliary ducts, thus decreasing or completely blocking the lumen of the biliary duct. In such cases bile excretion is either partially or completely restricted, causing severe pain syndrome in the patients. The bile is retained in the liver, reaching blood and changing the color of the eye to slightly yellow.

Parasitic invasion of the liver may be caused by small parasites called lamblia, causing lambliasis and as a result inflammation of the biliary bladder and ducts.